Repair / Problems / Ignition / Spark plug is wet with oil

Ignition

Spark plug is wet with oil

Ride with careAlso called: oil fouled plug, oily plug, wet black plug, plug covered in oil

Oil fouled spark plug, wet and black
Oil fouled spark plug, wet and black
Plug fouled black and oily
Plug fouled black and oily
Cylinder bore wear: worn bore lets oil and gas past
Cylinder bore wear: worn bore lets oil and gas past
Worn valve seal prised off the guide: oil leaks into the chamber
Worn valve seal prised off the guide: oil leaks into the chamber

The plug comes out wet, black and oily, and smells of oil rather than petrol. Oil is getting into the combustion chamber and burning there. On a four-stroke it comes past worn piston rings, past worn valve guides or valve stem seals, from an overfilled sump, or through the breather into the air box. On a two-stroke, oil is mixed with the fuel by design, so too much oil (wrong premix, oil pump set too high) or a leaking crank seal gives an oily plug. Oily plugs often come with blue smoke.

Is it safe to ride?

With care. Carry a spare plug. Check the oil level often: an engine burning oil can run low. Stop if smoke is heavy or the oil warning light comes on.

Quick checks first

  • Is the plug wet with oil (slippery, does not evaporate) or with fuel (evaporates, smells of petrol)? Fuel: see Engine is flooded and smells of fuel.
  • Check the oil level: is it above the upper mark?
  • Is there oil in the air box or on the air filter?
  • Blue smoke from the exhaust? When: on start-up, under load, or when closing the throttle?
  • Two-stroke: what premix ratio or oil pump setting is used?

Diagnose it step by step

1Is the oil level above the upper mark?

2Is there oil in the air box or on the air filter?

3Two-stroke: is the premix or oil pump setting right?

4Do a dry and then a wet compression test. Is compression low dry and much higher wet?

  • Yes: worn rings or cylinder (MAVCC wet test logic). Test engine compression.
  • Compression normal: oil is probably coming past the valve guides or stem seals. Blue smoke after idling or on start-up supports this. Go to step 5.

5Have a workshop confirm with a leak-down test and inspect the top end.

Fit a new plug of the correct type after each test so you can see whether the problem returns.

Causes, most likely first

Cause How to confirm Fix
Oil overfilled Level above upper mark Check the engine oil level
Too much two-stroke oil Premix or pump setting Check the two-stroke oil pump and lines
Breather passing oil Oil in air box Check the crankcase breather
Worn valve guides or stem seals Smoke on start-up; normal compression Assess the top end (cylinder, piston, valves)
Worn rings or cylinder Wet test raises compression a lot Test engine compression

Reference values (K-Light 125)

Item Value PDF page
Compression pressure 1.0 to 1.2 MPa 60

Related problems

Sources
  • K-Light 125 manual, PDF pages 29, 60
  • MAVCC Motorcycle Mechanic, PDF pages 263, 656

Values marked K-Light 125 are for that reference bike. Use your own bike's manual for its values. Text CC BY-SA 4.0, Transitions Lab.